What is Biofeedback?
– Muscle tension (EMG), Sweat Gland Activity (GSR, galvanic skin conductance or SCR, skin conductance response), temperature (TMP), heart rate variability (HRV), respiration (RSV), brain waves (EEG, electroencephalography)
– Biofeedback is a non-invasive technique.
Biofeedback Instrument that measures and trains the pelvic muscles activity.
Example of a chart of Psychophysiological Profile: (Upper panel-Shoulder muscles activity; Lower panel-TMP, temperature at the periphery and SCR, skin conductance response, measure of arousal.)
What is Biofeedback useful for?
- Chronic pain:
- Myofascial Pain Syndrome, Headaches, Migraines, Carpal Tunnel Syndrome;
- High Blood Pressure
- Diabetes
- Raynaud’s Disease
- Stress Management
- Neuromuscular rehabilitation
- Urinary/ fecal incontinence
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What is Neurofeedback?
- Neurofeedback (NF) or EEG biofeedback is the feedback of one’s own brain waves.
- Normally the changes in brain wave predominance reflect changes in the state of arousal from sleep to wakefulness.
- NF training is accomplished through operant conditioning.
- NF is a non-invasive technique!
Instruments used in NF:
Neurocybernetics, ROSHI, Thought Technology, Brain Master
Examples of Brain Waves:
What is NF useful for?
- Peak Performance
- Depression
- Anxiety, panic attacks
- ADD/ADHD, Autism Spectrum
- High Blood Pressure
- PMS, or Menopause
- Chronic Pain Syndromes (e.g. Migraine headaches, Fibromyalgia, CRPS, complex regional pain syndrome)
- Anger management
- Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS)
- Tourette’s Syndrome
- Tinnitus
- Addictions
- Asthma
- Parkinson’s Disease or Essential Tremor
- TBI, traumatic brain injury
- PTSD, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
EEG of a Crack baby, before and after 23 sessions of NF
EEG of a Client with Parkinson’s Disease before NF:
EEG of a Client with Parkinson’s Disease after 40 sessions of NF:
EEG of a Client with Chronic Pain post TBI before (upper panel) and after 30 min of NF (lower panel)
(See details in Chapter 16 of the book “Introduction to Quantitative EEG and Neurofeedback”, eds. Thomas and Helen Budzinsky, Abarbanel and Evans.)
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